LEDs and LED Lighting

Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) are gadgets that utilize solid-state lighting technology to produces light through solid matter, essentially a semiconductor. This set them apart from other light sources such as incandescent bulbs (through a vacuum) or compact fluorescent bulbs (through gas). The fundamental mechanism of light production in LEDs runs on Band-to-Band recombination or radiation.
Being diodes, the current running through LEDs only move in a single direction. Electrons from one end race toward the positively charged holes found on the opposite end when electricity passes through the semiconductor. Light is produced when the electrons interact with the holes.
First created in 1962, LEDs existed in red and was used as signal lights on electronic gadgets. Into the 1970s, green and yellow LEDs came about, facilitating devices like calculators and traffic lights. By 1993, the first high-density blue LED was invented. This discovery widened the range of LED light production (even white light) since Red; Blue and Green formed the fundamentals of light.
Examples of LED lighting are miniature LEDs (ready-to-fit units that can be fitted straight onto a circuit board such as phone signalers), High Power LEDs (units with strong glow, such as LED strips), and Application Specific LEDs (such as billboards).